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Progressive Learning

์ ์ง„์  ํ•™์Šต

The Life Of A Star English Korean Bilingual Kids Book qvj799iv50nzfpkq5ss02ba9r259vxa56zv3sbx9c8 2

English Korean Bilingual Audiobook The Life Of A Star

์˜์–ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ค‘์–ธ์–ด ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ ๋ณ„์˜ ์ผ์ƒ

nebula bilingual book for kids

More About Nebula
์„ฑ์šด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

A nebula is made of gas and dust.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ๋จผ์ง€๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It floats in space like a big cloud.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ํฐ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some nebulae are pink, blue, or purple.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰, ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋ผ์ƒ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They glow from nearby starlight.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ๋ณ„๋น›์œผ๋กœ ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Nebulae can be huge, many light-years wide.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ปค์„œ ์ˆ˜๊ด‘๋…„์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They can look like animals or shapes.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Telescopes help us see nebulae clearly.
๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์šด์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some famous nebulae have special names.
์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์„ฑ์šด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Horsehead Nebula looks like a horse.
๋ง๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Eagle Nebula has tall gas towers.
๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ์šด์—๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Orion Nebula is easy to find.
์˜ค๋ฆฌ์˜จ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Itโ€™s part of the Orion constellation.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ์˜จ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

New stars form inside the gas clouds.
๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ„์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Gravity pulls the gas together.
์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊ฒจ ๋ชจ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The center gets hot and dense.
์ค‘์‹ฌ์€ ๋œจ๊ฒ๊ณ  ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

When hot enough, a star is born.
์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด ๋ณ„์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some nebulae come from dying stars.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ณ„์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Explosions create colorful gas clouds.
ํญ๋ฐœ์€ ํ˜•ํ˜•์ƒ‰์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These are called supernova remnants.
์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ ์ž”ํ•ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Nebulae change over millions of years.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are part of the star life cycle.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์˜ ์ƒ์•  ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Without nebulae, stars wouldnโ€™t be born.
์„ฑ์šด์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ณ„์€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some planets may form in nebulae too.
์ผ๋ถ€ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋„ ์„ฑ์šด์—์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are nurseries for stars and planets.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋ณ„๊ณผ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Astronomers study them to learn more.
์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ฑ์šด์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They take photos using special space telescopes.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The James Webb Telescope sees distant nebulae.
์ œ์ž„์Šค ์›น ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์€ ๋จผ ์„ฑ์šด์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Each nebula tells a cosmic story.
๊ฐ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

protostar bilingual book for kids

More About Protostar
์›์‹œ๋ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

A protostar forms deep inside a nebula.
์›์‹œ๋ณ„์€ ์„ฑ์šด ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Gas and dust begin to clump together.
๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ๋จผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Gravity makes the clump grow larger.
์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It becomes dense and starts to heat up.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The center gets hotter every day.
์ค‘์‹ฌ์€ ๋‚ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋” ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This hot ball is called a protostar.
์ด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์›์‹œ๋ณ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It does not shine like a real star.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์งœ ๋ณ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋น›๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

But it glows with heat from inside.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์—ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Protostars are still growing in size.
์›์‹œ๋ณ„์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They pull in more gas from space.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The spinning gas flattens into a disk.
ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” ๋‚ฉ์ž‘ํ•œ ์›๋ฐ˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This disk may form planets one day.
์ด ์›๋ฐ˜์€ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The core keeps heating up inside.
ํ•ต์€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ณ„์† ๊ฐ€์—ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Soon, fusion may start to happen.
๊ณง ํ•ต์œตํ•ฉ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Fusion changes hydrogen into helium.
์œตํ•ฉ์€ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It releases a lot of bright energy.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

When fusion starts, it becomes a star.
ํ•ต์œตํ•ฉ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ„์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Before this, itโ€™s still a protostar.
๊ทธ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์›์‹œ๋ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some protostars never become stars.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์‹œ๋ณ„์€ ๋ณ„์ด ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They may stay too small or cool.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These are called brown dwarfs.
์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Protostars are hidden in gas clouds.
์›์‹œ๋ณ„์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์†์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We see them with special space tools.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์žฅ๋น„๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are important for star birth.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Each star begins this way.
๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ„์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Our Sun was once a protostar too.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒœ์–‘๋„ ํ•œ๋•Œ ์›์‹œ๋ณ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It took millions of years to grow.
์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Protostars show how stars come to life.
์›์‹œ๋ณ„์€ ๋ณ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

star life bilingual book for kids

More About Main Sequence
์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

Main sequence stars are stable and balanced.
์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด์„ฑ์€ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They shine because of nuclear fusion inside.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ํ•ต์œตํ•ฉ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Hydrogen atoms join to make helium atoms.
์ˆ˜์†Œ ์›์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ ์›์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This process releases heat and light.
์ด ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์—ด๊ณผ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The energy pushes outward from the core.
์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ํ•ต์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Gravity pulls everything inward at the same time.
๋™์‹œ์— ์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The forces balance and keep the star stable.
์ด ํž˜๋“ค์ด ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด ๋ณ„์„ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Main sequence stars do not change quickly.
์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด์„ฑ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They stay in this phase for a long time.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some stars stay for billions of years.
์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ„๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Sun has been here for 4.6 billion years.
ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์•ฝ 46 ์–ต ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ์ƒํƒœ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It will stay in this stage for billions more.
ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Bigger stars use fuel faster than small ones.
๋” ํฐ ๋ณ„๋“ค์€ ์ž‘์€ ๋ณ„๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Smaller stars live much longer lives.
์ž‘์€ ๋ณ„๋“ค์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Their fuel burns slower over time.
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Main sequence stars come in different colors.
์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒ‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Blue stars are hot and massive.
ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ ๋ณ„์€ ๋œจ๊ฒ๊ณ  ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Yellow stars, like the Sun, are medium.
ํƒœ์–‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋…ธ๋ž€ ๋ณ„์€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Red stars are cooler and smaller.
๋ถ‰์€ ๋ณ„์€ ๋” ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘๊ณ  ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Color tells us about a starโ€™s temperature.
๋ณ„์˜ ์ƒ‰์€ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Main sequence stars can have planets too.
์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด์„ฑ๋„ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some may have solar systems like ours.
์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ„๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Scientists study these stars for signs of life.
๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์˜ ํ”์ ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ„๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are the most common stars in space.
์ด ๋ณ„๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ๋ณ„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We see many of them with the naked eye.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด์„ฑ์„ ์œก์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Stars leave this stage when fuel runs low.
๋ณ„์€ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Then, they change into red giants or more.
๊ทธ ํ›„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The main sequence is a star’s longest phase.
์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธด ์ƒ์•  ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

red giant bilingual book for kids

More About Red Giant
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

Red giants form after the main sequence ends.
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์€ ์ฃผ๊ณ„์—ด ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚œ ํ›„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The star runs out of hydrogen fuel.
๋ณ„์€ ์ˆ˜์†Œ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์†Œ๋ชจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The core shrinks while the outer layers expand.
ํ•ต์€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ธต์€ ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The star becomes much larger in size.
๋ณ„์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ปค์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It cools down and changes color to red.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ‰์ด ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Thatโ€™s why itโ€™s called a red giant.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The core now burns helium instead of hydrogen.
์ด์ œ ํ•ต์€ ์ˆ˜์†Œ ๋Œ€์‹  ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์„ ํƒœ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Fusion continues but in a different way.
ํ•ต์œตํ•ฉ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Red giants shine less brightly than before.
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์€ ์ด์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are cooler but still very large.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งค์šฐ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some red giants are hundreds of times wider.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋„“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Betelgeuse is a famous red giant star.
๋ฒ ํ…”๊ฒŒ์šฐ์Šค๋Š” ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

You can see it in the night sky.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐคํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Red giants lose mass as they expand.
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์€ ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์žƒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They push out gas into space.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This gas forms a glowing shell.
์ด ๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ป์งˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

That shell is called a planetary nebula.
๊ทธ ๊ป์งˆ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ƒ ์„ฑ์šด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The core stays behind after the shell leaves.
๊ป์งˆ์ด ํฉ์–ด์ง„ ํ›„์—๋„ ํ•ต์€ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It becomes a white dwarf star.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Red giants are the final stage for small stars.
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์€ ์ž‘์€ ๋ณ„๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They do not explode like big stars do.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํฐ ๋ณ„๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Sun will become a red giant someday.
ํƒœ์–‘๋„ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It will expand and swallow nearby planets.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์‚ผํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Then it will shrink into a white dwarf.
๊ทธ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This will happen in billions of years.
์ด ์ผ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋…„ ํ›„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Red giants show how stars grow old.
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š™๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are a key step in star life.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์˜ ์ƒ์• ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Even in old age, stars can be beautiful.
๋ณ„์€ ๋Š™์–ด๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Red giants light up the end of a starโ€™s life.
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณ„ ์ƒ์• ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์„ ๋ฐํž™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

planetary nebula bilingual book for kids

More About Nebula
์„ฑ์šด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

A nebula is made of gas and dust.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ๋จผ์ง€๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It floats in space like a big cloud.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ํฐ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some nebulae are pink, blue, or purple.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰, ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋ผ์ƒ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They glow from nearby starlight.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ๋ณ„๋น›์œผ๋กœ ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Nebulae can be huge, many light-years wide.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ปค์„œ ์ˆ˜๊ด‘๋…„์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They can look like animals or shapes.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Telescopes help us see nebulae clearly.
๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์šด์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some famous nebulae have special names.
์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์„ฑ์šด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Horsehead Nebula looks like a horse.
๋ง๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Eagle Nebula has tall gas towers.
๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ์šด์—๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Orion Nebula is easy to find.
์˜ค๋ฆฌ์˜จ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Itโ€™s part of the Orion constellation.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ์˜จ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

New stars form inside the gas clouds.
๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ„์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Gravity pulls the gas together.
์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊ฒจ ๋ชจ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The center gets hot and dense.
์ค‘์‹ฌ์€ ๋œจ๊ฒ๊ณ  ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

When hot enough, a star is born.
์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด ๋ณ„์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some nebulae come from dying stars.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ณ„์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Explosions create colorful gas clouds.
ํญ๋ฐœ์€ ํ˜•ํ˜•์ƒ‰์ƒ‰์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These are called supernova remnants.
์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ ์ž”ํ•ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Nebulae change over millions of years.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are part of the star life cycle.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์˜ ์ƒ์•  ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Without nebulae, stars wouldnโ€™t be born.
์„ฑ์šด์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ณ„์€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some planets may form in nebulae too.
์ผ๋ถ€ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋„ ์„ฑ์šด์—์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are nurseries for stars and planets.
์„ฑ์šด์€ ๋ณ„๊ณผ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Astronomers study them to learn more.
์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ฑ์šด์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They take photos using special space telescopes.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The James Webb Telescope sees distant nebulae.
์ œ์ž„์Šค ์›น ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์€ ๋จผ ์„ฑ์šด์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Each nebula tells a cosmic story.
๊ฐ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

white dwarf bilingual book for kids

More About White Dwarf
๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

A white dwarf is a star’s final stage.
๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณ„์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It forms after the planetary nebula fades.
ํ–‰์„ฑ์ƒ ์„ฑ์šด์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„ ํ›„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The outer layers float away into space.
๋ฐ”๊นฅ ์ธต์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ ํฉ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Only the hot core remains behind.
๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ํ•ต๋งŒ์ด ๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This core is called a white dwarf.
์ด ํ•ต์€ ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It is about the size of Earth.
๊ทธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

But it has as much mass as the Sun.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํƒœ์–‘๋งŒํผ์˜ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

That makes it extremely dense and heavy.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

One teaspoon would weigh tons.
ํ•œ ํ‹ฐ์Šคํ‘ผ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ์ˆ˜ ํ†ค์— ๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

White dwarfs no longer burn fuel.
๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํƒœ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They shine from leftover heat.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์€ ์—ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Over time, they grow cooler and dimmer.
์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์  ์‹๊ณ  ์–ด๋‘์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Eventually, they stop glowing completely.
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋น›์„ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

That would make them black dwarfs.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ํ‘์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

But the universe is not old enough yet.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

No black dwarfs exist today.
ํ˜„์žฌ ํ‘์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some white dwarfs have strange atmospheres.
์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์€ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They can contain carbon or helium.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋‚˜ ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some are surrounded by debris disks.
์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํŒŒํŽธ ์›๋ฐ˜์— ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These disks may come from broken planets.
์ด ์›๋ฐ˜์€ ๋ถ€์„œ์ง„ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

White dwarfs can sometimes explode.
๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ํญ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

If they steal matter from another star.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ํ›”์น˜๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ  .

That causes a supernova explosion.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ ํญ๋ฐœ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

White dwarfs help scientists study star death.
๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ณ„์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They also tell us about galaxy age.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์€ํ•˜์˜ ๋‚˜์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The Sun will become a white dwarf someday.
ํƒœ์–‘๋„ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It will shrink after becoming a red giant.
์ ์ƒ‰ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋œ ํ›„์— ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

White dwarfs are quiet, cosmic leftovers.
๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ์™œ์„ฑ์€ ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ž”์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

But they are important to space history.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์กด์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

supernova bilingual book for kids

More About Supernova
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

A supernova is a star’s dramatic death.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณ„์˜ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It happens when a massive star runs out of fuel.
๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ„์ด ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์†Œ๋ชจํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The core collapses under its own gravity.
ํ•ต์€ ์ž์ฒด ์ค‘๋ ฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถ•๊ดด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This causes a huge explosion in space.
์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํญ๋ฐœ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Supernovae are brighter than entire galaxies.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ์ „์ฒด ์€ํ•˜๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋” ๋ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They shine with the power of billions of suns.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๊ฐœ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ๋งž๋จน๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The explosion creates shock waves in space.
ํญ๋ฐœ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These waves spread out and can form new stars.
์ด ํŒŒ๋™์€ ํผ์ ธ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ„๋“ค์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The gas and dust from the explosion form a nebula.
ํญ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธด ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ๋จผ์ง€๋Š” ์„ฑ์šด์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The nebula can become a birthplace for new stars.
๊ทธ ์„ฑ์šด์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ„์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Supernovae spread heavy elements into space.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ์›์†Œ๋“ค์„ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These elements are the building blocks of life.
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์›์†Œ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Without supernovae, there would be no gold or iron.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฒ ๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some supernovae are caused by binary star systems.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

One star pulls matter from its partner star.
ํ•œ ๋ณ„์ด ๋™๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This causes the star to explode as a supernova.
์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทธ ๋ณ„์€ ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ํญ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

There are two main types of supernovae.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Type I supernovae happen in binary systems.
I ํ˜• ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Type II supernovae happen when a star dies alone.
II ํ˜• ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณ„์ด ํ˜ผ์ž ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Supernovae can leave behind a neutron star or black hole.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์ด๋‚˜ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์„ ๋‚จ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

A neutron star is incredibly dense and small.
์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘๊ณ  ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

A black hole is a point in space with infinite gravity.
๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€ ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์ค‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํ•œ ์ง€์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Supernovae can be seen across vast distances in space.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋จผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ด€์ธก๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some supernovae are so bright they can be seen in the day.
์–ด๋–ค ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ์•„์„œ ๋‚ฎ์—๋„ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Supernovae play an important role in the universe’s cycle.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They help create the conditions for new stars and planets.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ„๊ณผ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We study supernovae to learn about the universeโ€™s history.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Supernovae show us how stars evolve and die.
์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃฝ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are one of the most spectacular events in space.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์žฅ๊ด€์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

neutron star bilingual book for kids

More About Neutron Star
์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

A neutron star forms after a supernova explosion.
์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The core collapses into a tiny, dense object.
ํ•ต์€ ์ž‘๊ณ  ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It is only about 20 kilometers wide.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ 20 ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋„ˆ๋น„๋ฐ–์— ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

But it can be heavier than the Sun.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํƒœ์–‘๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It is made almost entirely of neutrons.
๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Thatโ€™s why it is called a neutron star.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They have very strong magnetic fields.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some neutron stars shoot beams of energy.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋น”์„ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These are called pulsars when they pulse.
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งฅ๋™ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํŽ„์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Pulsars spin and flash light like lighthouses.
ํŽ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋“ฑ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐœ์‚ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They spin many times per second.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 1 ์ดˆ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ํšŒ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Neutron stars are very hard to crush.
์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•ด์„œ ๋ถ€์ˆ˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

A spoonful would weigh billions of tons.
ํ•œ ์Šคํ‘ผ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ํ†ค์— ๋‹ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are among the densest objects in space.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๋ฌผ์ฒด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Neutron stars donโ€™t shine like regular stars.
์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ณ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋น›๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They glow from leftover heat and energy.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์€ ์—ด๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋น›์„ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We find them with radio telescopes.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „ํŒŒ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They help scientists study extreme physics.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ทนํ•œ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some neutron stars orbit other stars.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ„์„ ๊ณต์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They can pull matter from their companion.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This can cause powerful X-ray bursts.
์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์—‘์Šค์„  ํญ๋ฐœ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Neutron stars may collide in space.
์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These collisions create gravitational waves.
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์€ ์ค‘๋ ฅํŒŒ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Gold and platinum can form in those crashes.
๊ทธ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์†์—์„œ ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Neutron stars are a key to cosmic mysteries.
์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ์—ด์‡ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They tell us what happens after stars die.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์ด ์ฃฝ์€ ํ›„ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are small but incredibly powerful.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž‘์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋งŒํผ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We are still learning more every day.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งค์ผ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

black hole bilingual book for kids

More About Black Hole
๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ

A black hole forms after a massive star dies.
๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ„์ด ์ฃฝ์€ ํ›„ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

The starโ€™s core collapses completely.
๋ณ„์˜ ํ•ต์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It becomes a point with endless gravity.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์ค‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•œ ์ ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

This point is called a singularity.
์ด ์ง€์ ์„ ํŠน์ด์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Around it is an invisible boundary.
๊ทธ ์ฃผ์œ„์—๋Š” ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

That boundary is called the event horizon.
๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์˜ ์ง€ํ‰์„ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Nothing can escape past this point.
์ด ์ง€์ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Not even light can get out.
๋น›์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Thatโ€™s why black holes are invisible.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We can only detect them indirectly.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์„ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ํƒ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They pull on nearby stars and gas.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We see the effects of that pull.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋Œ๋ฆผ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Gas heats up as it falls in.
๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It glows brightly before disappearing.
์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some black holes spin very fast.
์–ด๋–ค ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํšŒ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They can shoot jets of energy outward.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์œผ๋กœ ์  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Black holes can grow larger over time.
๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ปค์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They eat gas, stars, and even other holes.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค, ๋ณ„, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€๋„ ์‚ผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Some live at the center of galaxies.
์–ด๋–ค ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€ ์€ํ•˜์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Our galaxy has one called Sagittarius A*.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์€ํ•˜์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง€ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค A* ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Black holes can merge with each other.
๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€ ์„œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์ณ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

These events send out gravitational waves.
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์€ ์ค‘๋ ฅํŒŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Scientists use special detectors to find them.
๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ ํƒ์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We took the first black hole photo in 2019.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2019 ๋…„์— ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

It showed a glowing ring around darkness.
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์–ด๋‘  ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

Black holes stretch space and time.
๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์€ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์™œ๊ณกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

They are one of the biggest space mysteries.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

We are just beginning to understand them.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .